Who Will Pay for Japan's Chernobyl?
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Who Will Pay for Japan's Chernobyl?
This debate takes on new dimensions, following the meltdown and explosions of three General Electric Mark-1 systems at the Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant. Fact checking is somewhat simpler today.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/harvey-wasserman/who-will-pay-for-americas...
Who Will Pay for America's Chernobyl
Posted April 27, 2009 | 12:58 PM (EST)
The potential financial impact is beyond comprehension. The cost of abandoning several thousand square miles of the Hudson Valley down to Manhattan, or the Atlantic shore around Boston, or the coastal regions along and into Los Angeles and the California central Valley, simply cannot be calculated. Mere trillions -- 2? 5? 20? -- become meaningless. The collapse of the currency, the utter chaos of the economic system, the burial of health care, the devastating impact on millions of lives...all defy description.
All will be the responsibility of the federal government, meaning you and me. By limiting responsibility of the reactor owners we would be forced to assume liability for the claims of those who survive long enough to sue. There is no contingency plan for this in the federal budget. No secret reserve. No magic monetary bullet. Should one of these plants melt or explode, American economic life as we have known could be essentially over.
Thus the re-licensing of rickety old reactors like New Jersey's Oyster Creek, Vermont Yankee and dozens more now exceeding their 40-year design span is a horrifying game of Chernobyl Roulette. Likewise the building of new ones, which also can't get private insurance. The owners assure us the odds on an accident are "acceptable." But they are not the ones liable. They are betting our everything against their pittance.
Our money and our lives are being wagered in a game that the house -- OUR house -- simply cannot win.
Harvey Wasserman edits NukeFree.org and is Senior Editor of http://freepress.org, where this was first published.


TEPCO checkbook Party
;)
“The bill clearly states that costs for the decontamination work will be shouldered by TEPCO”
http://mdn.mainichi.jp/mdnnews/news/20110816p2a00m0na009000c.html
3 major parties join forces to draw up draft bill to remove irradiated soil
The ruling Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ), the largest opposition Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), the New Komeito party and other parties have worked together to draw up a draft bill to remove radioactive substances from soil and rubble.
The central government will be responsible for decontaminating areas with heavy irradiated soil, or "special areas."
The bill clearly states that costs for the decontamination work will be shouldered by TEPCO under the Act on Compensation for Nuclear Damages.
Click here for the original Japanese story
http://mainichi.jp/select/today/news/20110816k0000m010112000c.html
(Mainichi Japan) August 16, 2011
Japan nuclear compensation bill
:
http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/07/26/japan-tepco-compensation-idUST...
Japan lower house committee clears nuclear compensation bill
TOKYO, July 26 | Tue Jul 26, 2011 4:55am EDT
TOKYO, July 26 (Reuters) - A lower house committee of Japan's parliament on Tuesday passed a bill to help Tokyo Electric Power pay billions of dollars in compensation to those hurt by the Fukushima nuclear disaster, ensuring a law will soon be in place to guarantee the utility's survival and finally get aid to victims. The cornerstone of the bill is the creation of an institution funded by Japanese nuclear plant operators to help Tepco with massive compensation payouts.
The incident has forced about 80,000 people to evacuate from the area around the plant and severely damaged sales of farm produce after radiation levels exceeding safety standards were detected in beef, vegetables and tea. Since the disaster, Tepco's corporate credit rating has fallen to junk status and the company in May reported a record net loss of 1.25 trillion yen ($16 billion) for the year that ended on March 31.
The compensation bill was drafted by the ruling Democratic Party of Japan but was revised following talks with the opposition to clearly establish the government's responsibility for compensation and dealing with the effects of the disaster. It is also far from certain how much the final bill could be for damage from the nuclear crisis, as the government and the utility are still struggling to bring the plant's reactors under control. After passage by the committee, the bill is now expected to be approved by a lower house plenary session later this week without much resistance, setting the stage for its enactment in August.
Assistance for radiation evacuees
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Editorial - Excerpts
“Evacuees should receive compensation in line with radiation levels in neighborhoods.”
http://mdn.mainichi.jp/perspectives/editorial/news/20110728p2a00m0na0130...
http://mainichi.jp/select/opinion/editorial/archive/news/20110728ddm0050...
Only those who have evacuated from government-designated evacuation zones are eligible for provisional compensation by Tokyo Electric Power Co., the operator of the crippled Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant, or to receive donations that the Japanese Red Cross Society and other organizations have collected from the general public.
No compensation has been paid to households with children who have evacuated from areas that are more than 30 kilometers away from the crippled plant and where high levels of radiation have been detected. It is hard to understand that the government has failed to rectify such unfairness.
The Fukushima Prefectural Government has asked the national government to use taxpayers' money to cover the costs of voluntary evacuation. The Japan Federation of Bar Associations has announced its official view that at the very least, compensation needs to be paid to those who have voluntarily fled so-called radiation controlled zones where more than 5.2 millisieverts of radiation a year has been detected and where nobody but those who are deemed absolutely necessary are allowed to enter. The government should extend assistance to evacuees from affected areas -- including those who want to evacuate from such areas but have been unable to do so -- in a fair manner.
The government should pay compensation to evacuees while taking into account the state of affairs of radiation contamination in their respective neighborhoods.
$$$teaming HOT BEEF
Japan $hould refer the HOT BEEF co$t$ to General Electric, TEPCO, Hitachi, To$hiba, $iemens, Areva and the Bankster$ that financed thi$ de$ign-flawed nuclear di$aster. The company executive$ and board$ of director$ $hould be held jointly and $everally liable for the damage$. It i$ time for thi$ gang of murderous$ thieve$ to ‘cough-up-the-blood-money’.
http://english.kyodonews.jp/news/2011/07/104274.html
TOKYO, July 21, Kyodo
The government will buy up all beef found to contain radioactive cesium at levels exceeding the allowable limit, and incinerate it, a senior farm ministry official said Thursday.
http://www3.nhk.or.jp/daily/english/society.html
Thursday, July 21, 2011 21:20 +0900 (JST)
NHK has learned that at least 1,400 beef cattle were shipped from 76 farms in 11 prefectures after being fed rice straw contaminated with radioactive cesium at levels higher than the government safety limit. The straw had been distributed by agents in Miyagi and farmers in Fukushima and Iwate prefectures, near the crippled Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. Investigations are now underway to identify distribution channels of the straw and cattle. The number of farms found to have fed the straw to their cattle may rise further.
Entire Food Chain Threatened
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Threat to Japanese Food Chain Multiplies as Cesium Contamination Spreads
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-07-24/threat-to-japanese-food-chain-m...
By Aya Takada - Jul 25, 2011 3:59 AM CT .
Radiation fallout from the wrecked Fukushima nuclear plant poses a growing threat to Japan’s food chain as unsafe levels of cesium found in beef on supermarket shelves were also detected in more vegetables and the ocean. Products including spinach, mushrooms, bamboo shoots, tea, milk, plums and fish have been found contaminated with cesium and iodine as far as 360 kilometers from Dai-Ichi.
More than 2,600 cattle have been contaminated, Kyodo News reported July 23, after the Miyagi local government said 1,183 cattle at 58 farms were fed hay containing radioactive cesium before being shipped to meat markets. As much as 2,300 becquerels of cesium a kilogram was detected in the contaminated beef, according to a July 18 statement from the health ministry. The government limit is 500 becquerels per kilogram.
Hay contaminated with as much as 690,000 becquerels a kilogram, compared with a government safety standard of 300 becquerels, has been fed to cattle. Seafood is another concern after cesium-134 in seawater near the Fukushima plant climbed to levels 30 times the allowed safety standards last week, according to tests performed by Tokyo Electric Power Co, national broadcaster NHK reported.
"I think so."
:
"I think so."
http://www.breitbart.com/article.php?id=D9OL8AJO2&show_article=1
Tokyo Electric Power Co. should shoulder part of the costs for the government's planned purchase of all beef found to contain radioactive cesium at levels exceeding the allowable limit, Banri Kaiedam, minister of economy, trade and industry said Saturday. Asked if the government would ask the utility to pay for the purchase, Kaieda told reporters, "I think so."
"The purchase is part of the compensation for damages from the nuclear disaster, so I want to hear how Tokyo Electric would pay for the compensation," Kaied said. More than 1,600 cattle suspected of being fed contaminated rice straw have been shipped, reaching all but Okinawa Prefecture. Jul 23 04:24 AM US/Eastern
TEPCO executives ordered to
TEPCO executives ordered to consume so-called HOT BEEF as a matter of public spectacle. Is this what you want, Billy?
Bring them to justice
Criminal Corporations
There have been a number of criminal corporations and their corporate officers which have been ‘brought to justice’ or simply left to flounder and die. Other criminal enterprises remain ‘at-large’. Some examples include ENRON, Arthur Andersen, Lehman Brothers, I G Farber, East India Company, Dutch West India Company, Royal African Company, FleetBoston Financial, CSX, Aetna … et al. The actions in question include fraud, drug-smuggling, slaving, mass murder and the like.
An apt case en pointe is the NAZI corporation IG Farber, more formally known as Interessengemeinschaft Farbenindustrie Aktiengesellschaft (“Syndicate of Dyestuff-Industry Corporations.”). IG Farben was founded on December 25, 1925, as a merger of: BASF, Bayer, Hoechst, Agfa, Chemische Fabrik Griesheim-Elektron, and Chemische Fabrik vorm. Weiler Ter Meer. Due to the severity of the war crimes committed by IG Farben during World War II, the company was considered to be too corrupt to be allowed to continue to exist. The Soviet Union seized most of IG Farben's assets located in the Soviet occupation zone, as part of their reparation payments. The Western Allies in 1951, split the company up into its original constituent companies. A number of IG Farber executives and directors were imprisoned for their war crimes.
http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/Enactments/01LAW06.pdf
http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/Enactments/law-index.pdf
http://articles.cnn.com/2002-03-26/justice/slavery.reparations_1_slave-r...
http://harvardhumanrights.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/nuremberg-scholars...
Crimes Against Humanity
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Crimes Against Humanity
Knowing and/or willful negligence leading to massive radiation release is, by my lights, a crime against humanity. Mass casualties, suffering and death are underway on Honshu Island Japan; which are of the same order of magnitude as the NAZI war crimes in WWII. The Fukushima nuclear power plants are long-known to be grossly defective in specification, engineering design, construction, inspection and operation.
There is no plausible excuse for this misconduct, much like in a drunken vehicular homicide. These crimes, leading to mass casualties, are aggravated by willful misconduct such as withholding: timely evacuation orders, shelter, medical supplies, diagnostic procedures, decontamination, medical treatment, clean food and water.
US Military Command documentary of German War Crimes
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCy02267X8A
Some force was brought to bear against local German: officials, prison guards, military personnel, medical personnel and civilians. This included ‘armed persuasion’ as required for tours, exhumations, burial details, medical care and the like. Such compulsions did not offend world sensibilities at the time.
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excellent
thnx!!!
Bumpity Bump
;)
Bump
“It can’t happen here.”
:
http://neinuclearnotes.blogspot.com/2009/05/to-harvey-wasserman-why-shou...
Tuesday, May 05, 2009
To Harvey Wasserman: "Why should I trust anything you say?"
Wasserman asks: Who Will Pay for America's Chernobyl? Answer: No one – Because it can’t happen here.
The premise of Wasserman's article is erroneous. It is physically impossible for any U.S. nuclear power plant to explode like the Chernobyl reactor did. They are a completely different design that cannot run out of control and explode. And (unlike Chernobyl) all U.S. nuclear plants have heavily fortified containment buildings that are designed to withstand the worst case accident, nor can our reactors catch on fire. The fact is, Chernobyl can't happen here.
The worst thing you can do to a U.S. light water reactor - overheat the fuel and cause it to melt - is what happened at Three Mile Island 30 years ago. But the TMI accident had no impact on the health of the people or the environment around the facility because of all of the safety systems built into the plant. With all of the changes and additional safety measures made because of the lessons learned from TMI, it is very unlikely a similar accident will happen again.
Wasserman’s argument about millions of deaths and trillions of dollars lost is based on a discredited study. He stated that “the Sandia Laboratory's WASH-740 Report warned that a melt-down at an American reactor could permanently irradiate a land mass the size of Pennsylvania. The fiscal costs, like the potential death toll, were essentially inestimable.” The NRC issued a disclaimer on the Wash-740 study (that used nuclear bomb data and assumed no containment building) stating, "The NRC's most recent studies have confirmed that early research into the topic led to extremely conservative consequence analyses that generate invalid results for attempting to quantify the possible effects of very unlikely severe accidents.”
Wasserman’s statement that nuclear power plants have "a 40 year design span," is incorrect. They did not have a designed life span. When the plants were built is was recognized that like all machines, how long they would last depended on how well they were built, and how well they were maintained and operated. There were some who thought the plants might operate a century or more, and they may be right. The "104 rickety atomic reactors" he refers to operate at full power over 91 percent of the time. They are in fact, by far, the most reliable cost effective source of electricity in the nation because they were well built, and have been very well maintained and safely operated.
Considering the above are just a few examples of Mr. Wasserman’s many attempts to deliberately mislead readers in this article, one might ask Mr. Wasserman, "Why should I trust anything you say?"
Guest post by NEI's Tom Kauffman, former reactor operator at Three Mile Island.
Stupid, Liar, Buffoon ...
:
In brief, Tom Kauffman is at best stupid, if not a liar, buffoon, sell-out and or accomplice to mass murder as well as fomenter of an environmental Armageddon.
Fukushima-1 proves this
Fukushima-2 proves this
Fukushima-3 proves this
QED
.
who let the dog out
you're right. this pro-nuke guy is a verifiable buffoon.
pick a bale of cotton, pick a bale of hay.
Instead of personal attacks
Instead of personal attacks you should develop your opinion a bit more, otherwise you are just as bad as the people using ad hominem arguments against prominent anti-nuclear leaders like Chris Busby or Leo.
;) It is not an ad hominem
;)
It is not an ad hominem attack, when each statement is provably true. Like the charge of perjury or 'bearing-false-witness', the written, prepared statements of Tom Kaufman are NOT true.
Read his attacks. Every word that wrote about Harvey Wasserman was a personal attack, and a lie.
Every word he wrote about nuclear power was false.
The difficulty is that Tom Kauffman was lying, or in the alternate: stupid, on-drugs, insane, incompetent ...
Read the WORDS of Tom Kauffman. He has declared that either he or Harvey Wasserman is a liar. The Fukushima rapid-fire nuclear containment failures have decided the matter.
There is no slippery slope here.
And you're no better than
And you're no better than him.
Tu Quoque
Dear Anonymous-999
The simple fact is, it is NOT about me. So it does not, in this thread matter. Tom Kaufman is provably and damnably and utterly and deadly WRONG, at his own hand. His pack of lies cannot remain unchallenged. He lied, Obama lied, Ann Coulter lied, GE lied ... and people died and will die miserable deaths ... for decades.
This is why I prefer Boolean Logic and Inductive Logic to the much more error prone 'deductive logic'. Truth tables are much simpler than dispelling classical 'deductive logic' fallacies and errors.
But here goes ...
Your Tu Quoque fallacy, (You Also) in response to a refutation of your earlier Tu Quoque - with a twist of ad hominem, directed at my exposure of Tom Kaufman's ad hominem.
...
Tu Quoque is a very common fallacy in which one attempts to defend oneself or another from criticism by turning the critique back against the accuser
I just wanted you to develop
I just wanted you to develop your argument instead of using ad hominem. "He's a liar, he's wrong, he's a buffon" OK, I get it, you don't like the guy. Now explain why he is wrong.
distinction without a difference
:
Anonymous-999
A distinction without a difference
The design, materials and detonation mechanisms also differed between the 'Little Boy' and 'Fat Man' thermonuclear weapons which were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. So also were the weather dispersal patterns and chemical compositions of the subsequent 'Black Rain'.
The distinction, to the affected populations, are as trivial as the distinctions between Chernobyl and Fukushima. They are also as trivial as your continued parsing on the subject.
http://www.atomicheritage.org/index.php/component/content/article/42-res...
:
:( I seldom address
:(
I seldom address advocates, except when the subject matter may be of some general interest. NEI's Tom Kauffman, former reactor operator @ 3-Mile-Island stated: In brief ...
It is impossible for ANY U.S. plant to run out of control and explode. "can't happen here"
It will require extreme parsing to square any part of his statement with physical reality, much less truth. Such parsing, on the order of 'what is is', will be of little interest to the reader. Not much argument is required. His hollow, shallow words follow ...
http://neinuclearnotes.blogspot.com/2009/05/to-harvey-wasserman-why-shou...
"The premise of Wasserman's article is erroneous. It is physically impossible for any U.S. nuclear power plant to explode like the Chernobyl reactor did. They are a completely different design that cannot run out of control and explode. And (unlike Chernobyl) all U.S. nuclear plants have heavily fortified containment buildings that are designed to withstand the worst case accident, nor can our reactors catch on fire. The fact is, Chernobyl can't happen here."
But he is right to some
But he is right to some extent. The GE reactors in Fukushima did not explode "like the Chernobyl reactor did". After the explosion in Chernobyl all that was left was a hole in the ground and the bulk of the fuel burnt in the open for 10 days.
Parse away Parson
Are you Bill Clinton's attorney for disbarment proceedings? The strained effort at 'stretch' parsing is already on a par.
Lots of variety in those Class 7+ nuclear disasters, though the GE-TEPCO Fukushima disaster may create a new devastation category 8 or 9.
And Gee whiz the meltdowns, explosion sequences and contamination signatures varied somewhat in GE-TEPCO-1, GE-TEPCO-2 and GE-TEPCO-3. They are not identical twins, but they represent 4 killer siblings.
USSR had one reactor containment failure, GE-TEPCO had 3.
USSR devastated land, while GE-TEPCO also hammered the North Pacific.
USSR had Chernobyl sealed within a month. GE-TEPCO may take 10 years. If the spent-fuel pool collapses in Fukushima-4, most of the North American population may die along with the Japanese.
USSR - prompt criticality, Fukushima still undetermined.
USSR - only reactor fuel scattered. Fukushima still undetermined.
The trail of sickness, death, denial, lying, deception and disdain for life is identical. GE & TEPCO are keeping pace with the defunct Soviet Union for propaganda efforts.
I'm not a nuclear engineer,
I'm not a nuclear engineer, so I can't really address the most technical points of your posts. But for example this:
"USSR had Chernobyl sealed within a month. GE-TEPCO may take 10 years."
The sarcophagus at Chernobyl was not completed until November. That's 6 months. And it was never airtight, it needed important reinforcement a few years later cause some of the elements were being eroded and there was a real risk of collapse. Now it seems it need billions of dollars so a new structure can be built over it and the real cleaning work can start. Let's see how long Tepco needs before actually opening the reactors to even now where the fuel is, but the 10 years you mention is the proposed date to start the decommission work. There's no perspective of doing anything similar at Chernobyl and it's been 25 years.
"The trail of sickness, death, denial, lying, deception and disdain for life is identical."
In Chernobyl dozens of firefighters died within weeks of the accident. The same for the pilots that tried to bury the fuel in sand and boron (that mission was never successful, by the way, the materials never reached the core). The workers in Chernobyl had one geiger counter per crew at best, they were working without masks or eating on site with no protection. Hundreds of soldiers had to use improvised lead armors while transporting radioactive debris with their own hands in environments where air dose was measured in Sievert per hour. In Fukushima there were complains cause around 200 workers didn't have personal dosimeters during the first weeks, but 60-70% of the personnel did have their own from the first day. Workers are sleeping in hostels outside of the evacuation zone, they can be accessed by the press, where they voiced their complaints about the conditions in which they were working, and some even tweet about their daily work.
About the general population, during Chernobyl it was forbidden to publish any "unauthorized" measurement of radiation until years later after the accident. Messages recommending kids not to drink milk from the affected areas were also banned from publication, since it may had "generated panic". The dose established for mandatory evacuation was 100 mSv/year for 1986. In Japan they are using 20 mSv/year, and they made that limit public and they are being criticized for it.
The safety limits for food after Chernobyl were around 5-10 times higher than the ones being used now in Japan depending on the food group. For example, the limit established for Iodine-131 in milk until June 1988 was 3,700 Bq/l in comparison to 300 Bq/l used in Japan, 100 Bq/l in the case of infants. The beef that has generated scandal in Japan would have been in most cases considered safe in the USSR, since the limit for radioactive Cesium was 3,700 Bq/Kg versus the 500 Bq/Kg established by the Japanese authorities.
And one important point is the social response. Some parents got contaminated soil from school backyards in Fukushima and brought it to the parliament in Tokyo. Imagine someone going from Ukraine to Moscow and trying to do the same on 1986. NGOs like Greenpeace were in Fukushima a week after the accident taking their own readings, and even if their sea expedition was limited by the government, they were able to obtain samples and publish the results. Chris Busby was in Tokyo recently presenting his results. Apart from that, there are anti-nuclear organizations working in Japan and criticizing the government strategies every step of the way. For comparison, after Chernobyl the only approved visit of any independent organization was a brief visit by the IAEA after the accident, and it took 3 years until an international research group could go to the affected areas to study the effects on the surrounding areas and population, again organized by the IAEA.
I don't want to picture this in black and white. The difference is one of grade and we are far from transparency in the case of Fukushima, but the differences with Chernobyl are staggering. Of course, most of the differences come from the access the population have to the Internet as the mean to obtain and publish information. The Japanese authorities may have tried to pull off a soviet kind of response of total control of the information, I personally think they tried during the first week, they just were not able to do it.
who let the dog out
you must be insane. yeah the differences are staggering. fukushima dai-ichi and the ongoing radiation contamination will most probably destroy the food chain in the pacific ocean, the pacific ocean itself, in fact it will have a disastrous effect on all the oceans on the entire planet. it serves no useful purpose to compare chernobyl with the ongoing disaster and destroyed reactors at fukushima-dai-ichi.
pick a bale of cotton, pick a bale of hay.
Can you at least try to
Can you at least try to argue any of the points I was making? It took me half an hour to write that.
About the Pacific Ocean, yes, that is one of the main differences that could make Fukushima worse. That and the population density in Japan. Authorities can try to limit the exposure of the population to 5 or even 10 times less compared to what people received in Ukraine and Belarus, but the populations affected are so incredibly larger that it can mean nothing in the end if we count total numbers of cancers, leukemias and such.
However, about the Pacific, one advantage is that even if Iodine contamination is equal or even higher than in the case of Chernobyl, the short half life would make that Iodine-131 doesn't reach the food chain. About the rest of contaminants, consider the difference of the same amount of fallout per meter square falling on land and concentrating on the first inches of soil, where it would affect agriculture for centuries, or fallout falling on the ocean surface, where the the contaminants would get diluted in depth over hundreds of cubic meters of water.
For example, the difference between 1,000,000 Bq of Cesium distributed on the topsoil and 1,000,000 Bq of Cesium distributed along hundreds or thousands or cubic meters of water (100 meters deep = 100 m3: 100,000,000 liters of water = 0.01 Bq/l as opposed to 10,000 Bq/Kq of topsoil if we assume a cube of 10 centimeters for the sample)
The iodine 131 in the ocean
The iodine 131 in the ocean does reach the food chain. It has many days to do so.
Yeah, but it has to get
Yeah, but it has to get transported from the East Coast of Japan to open waters and eventually reach areas where fishing is still allowed. It take months or even years, and each week Iodine-131 is decaying to half of what it was.
Of course, Iodine-131 was still been detected of the water intakes of the plant, at least until recently, but it was detected at hundreds/thousands becquerel per liter, as opposed to 300 million per liter detected in April.
It is transported by the
It is transported by the food chain itself.
Yeah, but the decay process
Yeah, but the decay process doesn't stop within the food chain. Contaminated algae collected today with 10,000 Bq/Kq would have 5,000 Bq/Kg in 8 days.
Actually, once in the
Actually, once in the organism there is a much longer "biological half-life" at play.
Iodine-131 decays at the
Iodine-131 decays at the same rate wherever it is, in the ground, in water or a kid's thyroid.
In contrast to the
In contrast to the radiological (physical) half-life, the biological half-life is a measure of how long it takes to eliminate half of the radioactivity taken into the body by biological processes (e.g., excretion). In the body, iodine has a biological half-life of about 100 days for the body as a whole. It has different biological half-lives for various organs: thyroid - 100 days, bone - 14 days, and kidney, spleen, and reproductive organs - 7 days.
You are talking about stable
You are talking about stable (non-radioactive) Iodine. Iodine-131 continues decaying at the same rate no matter what.
So what you are saying is
So what you are saying is that when an organism consumes a radiologically contaminated organism, the biological half-life starts over again?
Indeed. This is why the
Indeed. This is why the concept of "food chain" is so important. It is a closed web compounding everything in it.
WoW!
WoW!
double wow. pick a bale of
double wow.
pick a bale of cotton, pick a bale oh hay.
Exactly. Genetic damage does
Exactly. Genetic damage does not magically evaporate from food chains, it compounds. It accumulates. It is forever. The damaging and weakening of the oceanic gene pool is a certainty and it will just as certainly detrimentally affect the common populace, as well as many of those considering themselves exclusive, above and beyond, and/or immune.
I feel sick reading this.
The genetic damages, the compounding.
My precious Pacific. I was born in the Pacific, raised in her. The gentle Pacific is my cradle, my heaven, my peace.
Now it damned forever. And all the creatures and life within it as well.
i think it's safe to these
i think it's safe to these comments are right-leaning.